Big-headed Fly vs Indian Sand Fly

Side-by-side species comparison

Attribute Big-headed Fly Indian Sand Fly
Scientific Name Pipunculus campestris Phlebotomus argentipes
Order Diptera Diptera
Family Pipunculidae Psychodidae
Size 3-6 mm 2-3 mm
Habitat Farmland Underground
Diet Herbivores Blood Feeders
Regions Europe, Asia South Asia (India, Bangladesh, Nepal, particularly the Gangetic Plain)
Conservation Least Concern Least Concern

Big-headed Fly

A small fly with an enormously enlarged, almost entirely eye-covered spherical head. It hovers in vegetation searching for leafhopper hosts in which to parasitize.

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Did You Know?

Its enormous eyes give it near-360-degree vision, allowing it to spot leafhoppers from any angle while hovering.

Indian Sand Fly

A tiny, hairy fly with a distinctive humpbacked appearance and large, upturned wings held erect at rest. It is the primary vector of visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) in the Indian subcontinent.

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Did You Know?

Indoor residual spraying with DDT once nearly eliminated kala-azar from India, but the disease resurged after spraying campaigns ended.