Eastern Salmonfly vs Small-headed Stonefly

Side-by-side species comparison

Attribute Eastern Salmonfly Small-headed Stonefly
Scientific Name Pteronarcys biloba Perlodes microcephala
Order Plecoptera Plecoptera
Family Pteronarcyidae Perlodidae
Size 30-40 mm 15-22 mm body
Habitat Rivers & Streams Rivers & Streams
Diet Detritivores Predators
Regions North America Europe
Conservation Least Concern Least Concern

Eastern Salmonfly

A large dark stonefly of Appalachian streams that emerges in late spring. Nymphs process leaf litter and are important detritivores.

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Did You Know?

Nymphs retain functional gills throughout development, unlike many stoneflies that lose them with age.

Small-headed Stonefly

A large spring-emerging stonefly found in clean upland rivers. Nymphs are predatory, feeding on mayfly and midge larvae. An important bioindicator species.

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Did You Know?

Nymphs require the cleanest, most oxygen-rich water of any stonefly, making them sensitive pollution indicators.