Elephant Louse vs Human Body Louse

Side-by-side species comparison

Attribute Elephant Louse Human Body Louse
Scientific Name Haematomyzus elephantis Pediculus humanus humanus
Order Phthiraptera Phthiraptera
Family Haematomyzidae Pediculidae
Size 2-3 mm 2.5-3.5 mm
Habitat Grasslands Indoors
Diet Blood Feeders Blood Feeders
Regions Asia, Africa Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America
Conservation Vulnerable Least Concern

Elephant Louse

A highly specialized louse found only on elephants, with piercing mouthparts adapted to penetrate the thick pachyderm skin. It is the sole member of its family.

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Did You Know?

The elephant louse is so specialized that it represents an entire family of its own, having co-evolved with elephants for millions of years.

Human Body Louse

Closely related to the head louse but lives in clothing rather than on hair. It is the vector for epidemic typhus, trench fever, and relapsing fever.

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Did You Know?

Body lice are believed to have evolved from head lice when humans first began wearing clothing roughly 70,000 to 170,000 years ago.