Human Body Louse vs Human Head Louse

Side-by-side species comparison

Attribute Human Body Louse Human Head Louse
Scientific Name Pediculus humanus humanus Pediculus humanus capitis
Order Phthiraptera Phthiraptera
Family Pediculidae Pediculidae
Size 2.5-3.5 mm 2-3 mm
Habitat Indoors Underground
Diet Blood Feeders Blood Feeders
Regions Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania
Conservation Least Concern Least Concern

Human Body Louse

Closely related to the head louse but lives in clothing rather than on hair. It is the vector for epidemic typhus, trench fever, and relapsing fever.

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Did You Know?

Body lice are believed to have evolved from head lice when humans first began wearing clothing roughly 70,000 to 170,000 years ago.

Human Head Louse

An obligate ectoparasite of the human scalp that feeds on blood several times per day. It spreads through direct head-to-head contact.

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Did You Know?

Head lice have co-evolved with humans for millions of years, and DNA analysis of lice has helped trace ancient human migration patterns.