Human Head Louse vs Elephant Louse

Side-by-side species comparison

Attribute Human Head Louse Elephant Louse
Scientific Name Pediculus humanus capitis Haematomyzus elephantis
Order Phthiraptera Phthiraptera
Family Pediculidae Haematomyzidae
Size 2-3 mm 2-3 mm
Habitat Underground Grasslands
Diet Blood Feeders Blood Feeders
Regions Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania Asia, Africa
Conservation Least Concern Vulnerable

Human Head Louse

An obligate ectoparasite of the human scalp that feeds on blood several times per day. It spreads through direct head-to-head contact.

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Did You Know?

Head lice have co-evolved with humans for millions of years, and DNA analysis of lice has helped trace ancient human migration patterns.

Elephant Louse

A highly specialized louse found only on elephants, with piercing mouthparts adapted to penetrate the thick pachyderm skin. It is the sole member of its family.

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Did You Know?

The elephant louse is so specialized that it represents an entire family of its own, having co-evolved with elephants for millions of years.