Tooth-Necked Fungus Beetle vs Vegetable Caterpillar

Side-by-side species comparison

Attribute Tooth-Necked Fungus Beetle Vegetable Caterpillar
Scientific Name Bolitotherus cornutus Ophiocordyceps robertsii
Order Coleoptera Lepidoptera
Family Tenebrionidae Hepialidae
Size 10-12 mm 50-100 mm (caterpillar plus fungal stalk)
Habitat Woodlands Underground
Diet Fungus Feeders Fungus Feeders
Regions Eastern North America Oceania (New Zealand)
Conservation Least Concern Least Concern

Tooth-Necked Fungus Beetle

A heavily armored, warty brown beetle that feeds on shelf fungi on dead trees. Males have two prominent horns on the thorax.

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Did You Know?

It plays dead so convincingly that it is nearly impossible to distinguish from a piece of bark.

Vegetable Caterpillar

The host of this relationship is the caterpillar of the native moth Aenetus virescens, parasitized by the endemic Cordyceps fungus. The fungus invades and mummifies the caterpillar underground, then sends a fruiting body to the surface. It was known to Maori as awhato.

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Did You Know?

Maori prized the vegetable caterpillar as a pigment source, grinding the fungus-caterpillar combination to produce a blue-black tattoo ink.