Vegetable Caterpillar vs Madagascan Sphinx Moth

Side-by-side species comparison

Attribute Vegetable Caterpillar Madagascan Sphinx Moth
Scientific Name Ophiocordyceps robertsii Xanthopan praedicta
Order Lepidoptera Lepidoptera
Family Hepialidae Sphingidae
Size 50-100 mm (caterpillar plus fungal stalk) 130-150 mm wingspan
Habitat Underground Forests
Diet Fungus Feeders Nectar Feeders
Regions Oceania (New Zealand) Madagascar
Conservation Least Concern Not Evaluated

Vegetable Caterpillar

The host of this relationship is the caterpillar of the native moth Aenetus virescens, parasitized by the endemic Cordyceps fungus. The fungus invades and mummifies the caterpillar underground, then sends a fruiting body to the surface. It was known to Maori as awhato.

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Did You Know?

Maori prized the vegetable caterpillar as a pigment source, grinding the fungus-caterpillar combination to produce a blue-black tattoo ink.

Madagascan Sphinx Moth

A hawkmoth with an extraordinarily long proboscis, endemic to Madagascar. Darwin famously predicted its existence based on a deep orchid.

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Did You Know?

Its proboscis can reach up to 30 cm long to access nectar from Angraecum sesquipedale orchids.