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Ants, Bees & Wasps

Order Hymenoptera

642 species

One of the most ecologically important orders, including key pollinators and social insects. Many species exhibit complex social behavior and colony organization.

Species in this Order

Diprionidae

Abbott's Pine Sawfly

Neodiprion abbotii

A pine sawfly whose distinctively marked larvae have black heads and grayish-green bodies with dark ...

6-8 mm
Formicidae

Acacia Ant

Pseudomyrmex ferruginea

A slender orange-brown ant that lives inside the swollen thorns of bullhorn acacia trees in a classi...

3-5 mm
Formicidae

Acrobat Ant

Crematogaster scutellaris

A Mediterranean ant with a heart-shaped abdomen it raises over its thorax when alarmed. They nest in...

3-5 mm
Formicidae

African Acacia Ant

Pseudomyrmex sp. (African mimic: Tetraponera penzigi)

A slender ant inhabiting the swollen galls of whistling thorn acacias in East Africa. Multiple ant s...

3-6 mm
Formicidae

African Bulldog Ant

Myrmecia regularis

A large aggressive ant with excellent vision and powerful mandibles. It can leap and deliver a painf...

15-25 mm
Apidae

African Carpenter Bee

Xylocopa caffra

A large robust bee with a shiny black body and yellowish thoracic hair in males. It excavates nestin...

20-28 mm
Dorylidae

African Driver Ant

Dorylus wilverthi

A notorious army ant species that forms massive raiding columns through the forest floor. Colonies c...

Workers 3-13 mm; queen up to 50 mm
Agaonidae

African Fig Wasp

Ceratosolen capensis

A tiny wasp with an obligate mutualistic relationship with African fig trees. Females enter figs thr...

1-3 mm
Apidae

African Giant Carpenter Bee

Xylocopa flavorufa

One of Africa's largest bees, with females covered in tawny-orange fur and males in yellowish hair. ...

25-33 mm
Apidae

African Honey Bee

Apis mellifera scutellata

The African subspecies of the western honey bee, known for its defensive behavior and high productiv...

Workers 10-13 mm
Sphecidae

African Mud Dauber

Sceliphron spirifex

A slender black and yellow wasp with an extremely narrow petiole waist. It constructs mud nests on w...

20-28 mm
Vespidae

African Paper Wasp

Belonogaster juncea

A slender reddish-brown social wasp that builds small open paper nests under eaves and branches. It ...

15-22 mm
Crabronidae

African Sand Wasp

Bembix capensis

A fast-flying sand wasp with black and yellow banding that nests in sandy ground. Females provision ...

15-22 mm
Scoliidae

African Scoliid Wasp

Megascolia vittata

A very large black and yellow-banded scoliid wasp from sub-Saharan Africa. It parasitizes goliath be...

30-45 mm
Pompilidae

African Spider Wasp

Hemipepsis capensis

A very large blue-black wasp with bright orange wings that hunts baboon spiders. It is one of Africa...

30-50 mm
Apidae

African Stingless Bee

Meliponula bocandei

A small dark stingless bee that nests in tree hollows and produces a prized thin honey. Colonies can...

5-8 mm
Formicidae

African Stink Ant

Paltothyreus tarsatus

A very large black ponerine ant that releases a foul-smelling secretion when disturbed. It is one of...

15-20 mm
Mutillidae

African Velvet Ant

Dasylabris maura

A large black and white velvet ant found across North Africa and the Mediterranean. Females are dens...

12-20 mm
Formicidae

African Weaver Ant

Oecophylla longinoda

An arboreal ant that constructs leaf nests by weaving living leaves together using larval silk. Colo...

5-10 mm
Cimbicidae

Alder Cimbicid Sawfly

Cimbex americanus

The largest sawfly in North America, with a robust body up to 25 mm long, clubbed antennae, and smok...

18-25 mm
Braconidae

Alfalfa Caterpillar Parasite

Cotesia medicaginis

A small braconid wasp that parasitizes alfalfa butterfly caterpillars in agricultural fields. Larvae...

2-4 mm
Megachilidae Not Evaluated

Alfalfa Leafcutter Bee

Megachile rotundata

A small solitary bee that cuts precise circular pieces from leaves to construct nest cells. It is th...

7-9 mm
Ichneumonidae

Alfalfa Weevil Parasitoid

Bathyplectes curculionis

A small parasitoid wasp that attacks alfalfa weevil larvae in North America. It was introduced from ...

2-4 mm
Apidae Vulnerable

Alpine Bumblebee

Bombus alpinus

A large bumblebee with distinctive orange-red tail and dark body covered in dense fur. It is found a...

14-20 mm
Formicidae

Amazon Ant

Polyergus breviceps

A slave-making ant that raids colonies of Formica ants to steal pupae, which then emerge as workers ...

4-7 mm
Formicidae

Amazon Giant Centipede-Eating Ant

Dinoponera quadriceps

A very large ponerine ant endemic to northeastern Brazil, reaching up to 30 mm. Colonies are queenle...

25-30 mm
Formicidae

Amazonian Fungus-Growing Ant

Atta laevigata

One of the largest leaf-cutter ant species with smooth, shiny-headed major workers. Its subterranean...

2-15 mm (caste dependent)
Formicidae

Amazonian Giant Ant

Pachycondyla villosa

A large, hairy black ponerine ant with a powerful sting and strong mandibles. It is a solitary groun...

12-18 mm
Formicidae

Amblyoponine Ant

Amblyopone australis

A primitive-looking subterranean ant from Australia with small eyes and pale coloring. It hunts chil...

4-6 mm
Apidae Vulnerable

American Bumble Bee

Bombus pensylvanicus

A large bumble bee with a yellow thorax, black band between the wings, and a mostly yellow abdomen. ...

15-25 mm
Chrysididae

American Cuckoo Wasp

Chrysis angolensis

A metallic green and blue cuckoo wasp found across sub-Saharan Africa. It parasitizes mud-nesting wa...

7-12 mm
Formicidae Not Evaluated

American Slave-Maker Ant

Polyergus lucidus

A North American slave-making ant that conducts well-organized raids on Formica colonies. New queens...

5-7 mm
Xyelidae

American Xyelid Sawfly

Xyela bakeri

A minute primitive sawfly native to western North America with the family's characteristic elongated...

3-5 mm
Colletidae Endangered

Anthricinan Yellow-Faced Bee

Hylaeus anthracinus

One of seven Hawaiian yellow-faced bees federally listed as endangered. These small native bees are ...

6-8 mm
Vespidae

Apache Paper Wasp

Polistes apachus

A large paper wasp of the American Southwest with yellow and reddish-brown coloring. It constructs o...

18-25 mm
Braconidae Not Evaluated

Aphid Mummy Wasp

Aphidius ervi

A tiny parasitoid wasp widely used in biological control of pea aphids and other large aphid species...

2-3 mm
Braconidae

Aphidius Wasp

Aphidius colemani

A minute parasitoid wasp widely used in greenhouses to control aphid pests. A single female can para...

1.5-2.5 mm
Aphelinidae Not Evaluated

Aphytis Wasp

Aphytis melinus

A tiny golden-yellow parasitoid wasp that is the primary biocontrol agent of California red scale on...

0.8-1.2 mm
Tenthredinidae

Apple Sawfly

Hoplocampa testudinea

A small brown-and-yellow sawfly that is a significant pest of apple orchards. Larvae bore into devel...

6-7 mm
Formicidae

Arctic Ant

Leptothorax acervorum

A tiny, reddish-brown ant that forms small colonies under stones and in wood crevices in boreal and ...

2-4 mm
Apidae

Arctic Bumblebee

Bombus polaris

A large, densely furred bumblebee with yellow and black banding adapted to extreme cold. Its thick p...

15-22 mm
Ichneumonidae

Arctic Parasitic Wasp

Hyposoter horticola

A slender parasitic wasp with a black body, orange legs, and long antennae. Females search for cater...

6-10 mm
Tenthredinidae

Arctic Sawfly

Amauronematus abnormis

A small, dark sawfly associated with willows in Arctic and subarctic regions. Females use their saw-...

5-8 mm
Formicidae

Argentine Ant

Linepithema humile

Forms massive supercolonies spanning thousands of kilometers. One supercolony stretches 6,000 km alo...

2-3 mm
Formicidae

Army Ant

Eciton burchellii

Nomadic ants that do not build permanent nests. Raids of up to 200,000 workers sweep through the for...

3-12 mm
Eulophidae

Ash Whitefly Parasitoid

Encarsia inaron

A minute parasitoid wasp that attacks whitefly nymphs on ash trees and other hosts. It was introduce...

0.5-1 mm
Andrenidae

Ashy Mining Bee

Andrena cineraria

A striking black and grey solitary bee with silvery-white hair bands on its thorax. It nests in comp...

10-14 mm
Formicidae

Asian Army Ant

Aenictus laeviceps

A small, pale yellow army ant widespread across tropical Asia. Colonies raid nests of other ants and...

2-4 mm
Vespidae

Asian Giant Hornet

Vespa mandarinia

The worlds largest hornet. A single colony can kill an entire hive of 30,000 honey bees in just a fe...

45-55 mm
Siricidae

Asian Horntail

Urocerus antennatus

A large wood wasp from East Asia with a dark body and distinctively long antennae. It attacks variou...

20-35 mm
Formicidae

Asian Marauder Army Ant

Dorylus laevigatus

A subterranean army ant of Southeast Asian forests that raids termite nests through underground tunn...

2-10 mm
Sphecidae

Asian Mud Dauber

Sceliphron curvatum

A dark-bodied mud dauber originally from Central Asia now invasive across Europe. It builds mud nest...

15-25 mm
Formicidae

Asian Needle Ant

Brachyponera chinensis

An invasive East Asian ant spreading through the southeastern US. Its sting causes anaphylaxis more ...

3-5 mm
Formicidae

Asian Proceratium

Proceratium japonicum

A small cryptic ant found in Japanese and East Asian forests with the characteristic forward-curving...

2.5-3 mm
Formicidae

Asian Trap-jaw Ant

Odontomachus rixosus

A Southeast Asian trap-jaw ant found in forest leaf litter with distinctive elongated mandibles. It ...

8-11 mm
Mutillidae

Asian Velvet Ant

Smicromyrme rufipes

A small to medium velvet ant with reddish legs and black body found across southern Asia. It parasit...

8-14 mm
Formicidae

Australian Army Ant

Leptogenys falcigera

An Australian ponerine ant that exhibits army ant-like group raiding behavior despite belonging to a...

4-7 mm
Formicidae

Australian Bull Ant

Myrmecia pyriformis

A large aggressive ant with excellent vision and a powerful venomous sting, capable of jumping towar...

15-25 mm
Scoliidae

Australian Flower Wasp

Campsomeris tasmaniensis

A hairy black and orange scoliid wasp endemic to Australia. Males patrol flowers while females dig i...

15-25 mm
Stenotritidae

Australian Large-headed Bee

Stenotritus greavesi

A robust, fast-flying bee endemic to Australia with a disproportionately large head and powerful man...

12-16 mm
Vespidae

Australian Paper Wasp

Polistes humilis

A common Australian paper wasp that builds small, open-celled papery nests under eaves, in shrubs, a...

15-20 mm
Pergidae

Australian Satin Sawfly

Perga lewisi

A large Australian sawfly with a satiny dark blue-black body. Larvae are robust and feed in clusters...

14-20 mm
Formicidae

Australian Stink Ant

Iridomyrmex bicknelli

A small, fast-moving ant that releases a strong, unpleasant odour when crushed, giving it its common...

3-5 mm
Mutillidae

Australian Velvet Ant

Ephutomorpha queenslandica

An Australian wingless wasp with orange and black velvety coloring. It parasitizes ground-nesting na...

8-15 mm
Vespidae

Bald-faced Hornet

Dolichovespula maculata

A large black and white social wasp that builds impressive football-sized paper nests in trees and o...

15-20 mm
Diprionidae

Balsam Fir Sawfly

Neodiprion abietis

A boreal sawfly whose dark green larvae with lighter stripes feed on balsam fir needles. Periodic ou...

6-8 mm
Ichneumonidae

Banchine Wasp

Banchus falcatorius

A stout black-and-yellow ichneumon wasp that mimics social wasps in appearance. It is a solitary par...

12-16 mm
Chalcididae

Banded Chalcid Wasp

Chalcis sispes

A robust chalcid wasp with enlarged hind femora bearing tooth-like projections. It parasitizes the p...

5-8 mm
Ichneumonidae

Banded Ichneumon

Ichneumon xanthorius

A boldly patterned black-and-yellow parasitoid wasp commonly found in European gardens. It parasitiz...

14-18 mm
Mutillidae

Banded Velvet Ant

Dasymutilla occidentalis africana

A wingless wasp covered in dense orange and black velvety hair. Despite the name, it is actually a s...

12-20 mm
Braconidae

Bean Aphid Parasite

Lysiphlebus fabarum

A minute braconid wasp that parasitizes black bean aphids and related species. Some populations repr...

1.5-2.5 mm
Formicidae

Bicolored Pennant Ant

Tetraponera rufonigra

A large, slender arboreal ant with a painful sting found across tropical Asia. Workers are bicolored...

6-10 mm
Formicidae

Bicolored Trailing Ant

Monacis bispinosa

A neotropical dolichoderine ant with two prominent spines on its thorax. It forms long foraging trai...

2-3 mm
Pamphiliidae

Birch Leaf-Roller Sawfly

Pamphilius betulae

A flat-bodied sawfly with long, thread-like antennae and a broad abdomen. Larvae roll birch leaves i...

9-13 mm
Tenthredinidae Not Evaluated

Birch Leafminer

Fenusa pusilla

An invasive European sawfly that mines inside birch leaves in North America. Heavy infestations caus...

3-4 mm (adult)
Cimbicidae

Birch Sawfly

Cimbex femoratus

One of the largest European sawflies, with a stout body, clubbed antennae, and variable coloring fro...

20-28 mm
Mutillidae

Black and Gold Velvet Ant

Dasymutilla nigripes

A medium-sized velvet ant with golden-orange hair on the thorax contrasting with its black legs and ...

10-16 mm
Formicidae

Black Garden Ant

Lasius niger

The most common ant in Europe, dark brown to black with a slightly pubescent body. Colonies are mono...

3-5 mm
Tenthredinidae

Black Headed Birch Sawfly

Craesus alniastri

A medium-sized sawfly with a dark head and orange body. Larvae are greenish-blue with black heads an...

7-9 mm
Siricidae Not Evaluated

Black Horntail

Xeris spectrum

A slender black horntail wasp that breeds in dead conifer wood across the Northern Hemisphere. It is...

15–32 mm
Ichneumonidae

Black Ichneumon Wasp

Coelichneumon deliratorius

A large, entirely black ichneumon wasp with a robust build. It is a solitary parasitoid of large mot...

18-25 mm
Formicidae Not Evaluated

Black Imported Fire Ant

Solenopsis richteri

A dark-colored fire ant native to South America that has established populations in the southeastern...

2-6 mm
Formicidae

Black Leafcutter Ant

Acromyrmex lobicornis

A cold-tolerant leafcutter ant that builds conspicuous mound nests from vegetation debris. Workers a...

3-9 mm
Ichneumonidae

Black Slip Wasp

Pimpla instigator

A medium-sized black ichneumon wasp that parasitizes butterfly and moth pupae. Uses its ovipositor t...

12-16 mm
Tenthredinidae

Black-Headed Ash Sawfly

Tethida barda

A small sawfly whose larvae have distinctive black heads and whitish-green bodies. They feed on the ...

6-8 mm
Tenthredinidae

Blackberry Leaf Miner

Metallus pumilus

A tiny, dark metallic sawfly whose larvae create blotch mines in blackberry and raspberry leaves. Mi...

3-4 mm
Halictidae

Blood Bee

Sphecodes monilicornis

A cleptoparasitic bee with a bright red abdomen and black head that attacks the nests of furrow bees...

7-9 mm
Tiphiidae

Blue Ant

Diamma bicolor

Despite its name, the Blue Ant is actually a wingless flower wasp, not an ant. Females are metallic ...

20-25 mm
Apidae

Blue Carpenter Bee

Xylocopa caerulea

A striking large bee with brilliant blue iridescent coloring. Nests in dead wood by boring tunnels. ...

20-23 mm
Chrysididae

Blue Cuckoo Wasp

Trichrysis cyanea

A uniformly deep blue metallic cuckoo wasp found across Europe and Asia. It parasitizes various cavi...

5-8 mm
Siricidae Not Evaluated

Blue Horntail

Sirex juvencus

A metallic blue-black horntail wasp found across the Northern Hemisphere. It breeds in recently dead...

12–30 mm
Megachilidae

Blue Mason Bee

Osmia caerulescens

A small, metallic blue-black solitary bee that nests in pre-existing cavities in wood and walls. It ...

7-10 mm
Chalcididae

Blue Morpho Caterpillar Parasite Wasp

Conura acuta

A metallic-colored parasitoid wasp that attacks the pupae of various Lepidoptera, including Morpho b...

5-10 mm
Sphecidae

Blue Mud Dauber

Chalybion californicum

A metallic blue wasp that preys on black widow spiders. It reuses mud nests built by other dauber sp...

10-23 mm
Megachilidae

Blue Orchard Bee

Osmia lignaria

A metallic dark blue solitary bee that nests in pre-existing holes in wood. It is an exceptionally e...

10-14 mm
Apidae

Blue-Banded Bee

Amegilla cingulata

A striking Australian native bee with iridescent turquoise bands on its abdomen. They are important ...

10-12 mm
Pompilidae

Blue-black Spider Wasp

Anoplius viaticus

A dark metallic blue spider wasp with orange-red abdominal bands. It hunts wolf spiders on sandy hea...

8-15 mm
Scoliidae

Blue-winged Scoliid Wasp

Scolia dubia

A black and reddish-brown wasp with iridescent blue wings commonly seen on flowers in late summer. I...

18-25 mm
Melittidae

Blunthorn Bee

Melitta haemorrhoidalis

A late-summer specialist bee that collects pollen almost exclusively from bellflowers. It has a dist...

10-13 mm
Argidae

Bordered Rose Sawfly

Arge cyanocrocea

A compact sawfly with a striking combination of an orange body and metallic blue-black wings. Larvae...

7-10 mm