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Ants, Bees & Wasps

Order Hymenoptera

642 species

One of the most ecologically important orders, including key pollinators and social insects. Many species exhibit complex social behavior and colony organization.

Species in this Order

Andrenidae

Mistletoe Mining Bee

Andrena nycthemera

A striking spring-flying mining bee with contrasting black and white body hair bands. It is associat...

11-14 mm
Tenthredinidae

Mountain Ash Sawfly

Pristiphora geniculata

A small blackish sawfly with pale legs whose green larvae can completely defoliate mountain ash (row...

5-7 mm
Apidae

Mountain Bumblebee

Bombus monticola

A colorful bumblebee with bright red-orange tail, yellow thorax bands, and a black midriff. It is fo...

12-18 mm
Sphecidae Not Evaluated

Mud Dauber Wasp

Sceliphron caementarium

A slender black and yellow solitary wasp that builds tubular mud nests on walls and structures. It s...

24-28 mm
Formicidae Near Threatened

Narrow-headed Ant

Formica exsecta

A bicolored red and black wood ant with a distinctly notched head. It builds low thatched mounds in ...

4-7 mm
Formicidae

Narrow-Headed Harvester Ant

Pheidole pallidula

A dimorphic Mediterranean ant with small minor workers and large-headed majors adapted for seed mill...

1.5-4 mm
Apidae Not Evaluated

Neon Cuckoo Bee

Thyreus nitidulus

A stunning blue-spotted cleptoparasite that lays eggs in the nests of blue-banded bees. The cuckoo l...

10-14 mm
Formicidae

Neon Trap-jaw Ant

Odontomachus coquereli

A large Malagasy trap-jaw ant with a distinctive reddish coloration found in Madagascar's dry forest...

10-13 mm
Formicidae

Neotropical Hunting Ant

Neoponera apicalis

A large black ponerine ant with reddish-brown appendages and a powerful sting. Workers are skilled s...

10-13 mm
Vespidae

Neotropical Paper Wasp

Polistes canadensis

A large reddish-brown paper wasp with dark wings that builds open-comb nests under eaves and branche...

25-30 mm
Pergidae

Neotropical Pergid Sawfly

Acordulecera dorsalis

A small, dark pergid sawfly found across Central and South America. Adults have compact bodies with ...

5-8 mm
Apidae

Neotropical Stingless Bee

Tetragonisca angustula

A tiny stingless bee whose honey has been harvested by indigenous peoples for centuries....

4-5 mm
Ichneumonidae

Netelia Ichneumon Wasp

Netelia melanura

A large orange ichneumon wasp attracted to light at night. Parasitizes noctuid moth caterpillars. Ha...

14-18 mm
Dorylidae

Nigerian Driver Ant

Dorylus nigricans

A large driver ant species with massive soldier caste bearing sickle-shaped mandibles. Raiding colum...

Workers 3-14 mm; queen up to 52 mm
Halictidae

Nocturnal Sweat Bee

Megalopta genalis

One of few bees adapted to forage in near-total darkness in tropical forests....

10-12 mm
Apidae

Nomada Cuckoo Bee

Nomada marshamella

A wasp-like cuckoo bee with red and black markings that sneaks into andrena bee nests to lay its egg...

9-12mm
Siricidae Not Evaluated

North American Horntail

Tremex columba

A large horntail wasp found across eastern North America. It attacks dead and dying hardwood trees s...

25–50 mm
Apidae

Northern Bumblebee

Bombus hyperboreus

A very large, heavily furred bumblebee with orange and black coloring. It is a social parasite that ...

18-24 mm
Xyelidae

Northern Pitch Twig Moth Sawfly

Xyela alpigena

A minute sawfly that is part of the oldest surviving lineage of Hymenoptera. Adults have the distinc...

3-5 mm
Formicidae

Northern Wood Ant

Formica aquilonia

A medium-sized red and black ant that builds large thatch mounds in boreal forests. Colonies can con...

4-8 mm
Cynipidae Not Evaluated

Oak Apple Gall Wasp

Biorhiza pallida

A gall wasp that creates large spongy apple-like galls on oak twigs. It has an alternating sexual an...

3.5–6 mm
Cynipidae

Oak Marble Gall Wasp

Andricus kollari

A tiny wasp that induces marble-shaped galls on oak twigs where its larvae develop. The galls were h...

3-5 mm
Tenthredinidae Not Evaluated

Oak Slug Sawfly

Caliroa quercuscoccineae

A slug-like sawfly larva that skeletonizes oak leaves in North America. Severe infestations cause br...

4-5 mm (adult)
Formicidae

Odorous House Ant

Tapinoma sessile

A small dark brown ant that emits a distinctive rotten coconut smell when crushed. It is one of the ...

2.5-3 mm
Ichneumonidae

Orange Caterpillar Parasite

Netelia ephippitarsus

A slender, amber-orange ichneumon wasp found across Australasia. It attaches eggs to caterpillars an...

12-16 mm
Pompilidae

Orange Spider Wasp

Cryptocheilus australis

A striking orange and black spider wasp that hunts large ground-dwelling spiders across Australia. I...

20-30 mm
Formicidae

Orange Twig Ant

Pseudomyrmex simplex

A bright orange pseudomyrmecine ant found in the Amazon basin that nests in small hollow twigs. It i...

4-6 mm
Andrenidae

Orange-tailed Mining Bee

Andrena haemorrhoa

A common spring bee with a ginger thorax and orange-tipped abdomen. It visits a wide variety of flow...

8-12 mm
Apidae

Orchid Bee

Euglossa imperialis

Dazzling metallic-colored bees that collect aromatic compounds from orchids. Males use collected sce...

12-28 mm
Stenotritidae Data Deficient

Ordinate Large-headed Bee

Ctenocolletes ordensis

A rarely collected bee from the Kimberley region of northern Western Australia. It is known from ver...

10-13 mm
Cynipidae Not Evaluated

Oregon Oak Gall Wasp

Besbicus mirabilis

A gall wasp that induces conspicuous galls on Oregon white oak in western North America. Galls form ...

2–3 mm
Crabronidae

Organ Pipe Mud Dauber

Trypoxylon politum

A slender black wasp that builds distinctive parallel tubes of mud resembling organ pipes under eave...

15-20 mm
Vespidae

Oriental Hornet

Vespa orientalis

A large reddish-brown hornet with a distinctive yellow band on the abdomen. It is uniquely adapted t...

25-35 mm
Chrysididae

Pacific Cuckoo Wasp

Chrysis pellucidula

A brightly metallic cuckoo wasp with green-blue head and thorax and a coppery red abdomen. It parasi...

6-10 mm
Mutillidae

Pacific Velvet Ant

Dasymutilla sackenii

A medium-sized velvet ant with orange and black coloring found along the Pacific coast of North Amer...

10-16 mm
Halictidae

Painted Dark Sweat Bee

Lasioglossum pictum

A small dark furrow bee with fine punctation on its thorax found in western Europe. It nests in spar...

6-7 mm
Andrenidae

Painted Mining Bee

Andrena fucata

A handsome spring bee with a red-brown thorax and banded abdomen. It is common in woodland clearings...

10-13 mm
Apidae

Painted Nomad Bee

Nomada fucata

A bright yellow and black cuckoo bee that parasitizes the nests of Andrena mining bees....

8-10mm
Tenthredinidae

Pale-Footed Birch Sawfly

Profenusa thomsoni

A tiny black sawfly whose larvae create distinctive blotch mines within birch leaves. Mined leaves d...

3-5 mm
Mutillidae

Panda Ant

Euspinolia militaris

Not actually an ant but a wingless wasp. Named for its black and white panda-like coloring. Females ...

6-8 mm
Melittidae

Pantaloon Bee

Dasypoda hirtipes

A distinctive solitary bee where females have enormously long pollen-collecting hairs on their hind ...

12-15 mm
Andrenidae

Panzer's Nomad Bee

Nomada panzeri

A wasp-mimicking cleptoparasitic bee that targets Andrena mining bee nests. Its bright red, yellow, ...

8-10 mm
Vespidae

Paper Wasp

Polistes dominula

Builds open-comb nests from chewed wood fiber mixed with saliva, creating paper-like material. Has a...

15-20 mm
Formicidae

Parasitic Acacia Ant

Pseudomyrmex nigropilosus

A cheater species that occupies acacia thorns but provides little defensive benefit to the host tree...

3-4 mm
Orussidae

Parasitic Wood Wasp

Orussus abietinus

A small, dark-bodied wasp-like insect with a flattened head and short antennae inserted below the ey...

8-14 mm
Chrysididae Near Threatened

Parnopes Cuckoo Wasp

Parnopes grandior

A large and robust cuckoo wasp with a metallic green thorax and brilliant red abdomen. It exclusivel...

8-13 mm
Apidae Endangered

Patagonian Bumble Bee

Bombus dahlbomii

The largest bumble bee in the world, with queens reaching up to 40 mm in length and covered in dense...

20-40 mm
Megachilidae

Patchwork Leafcutter Bee

Megachile centuncularis

A solitary bee that neatly cuts oval pieces from rose and other leaves to line its nest cells. The c...

7-12 mm
Formicidae Not Evaluated

Pavement Ant

Tetramorium caespitum

A common urban ant that nests under sidewalks, driveways, and building foundations. They are well kn...

2.5-4 mm
Tenthredinidae

Peach Slug Sawfly

Caliroa annulipes

A small, shiny black sawfly whose slug-like larvae feed on the upper leaf surface of various fruit t...

4-6 mm
Tenthredinidae

Pear Fruit Sawfly

Hoplocampa brevis

A small, dark sawfly that is a pest of pear orchards. Larvae bore into developing pear fruitlets, ca...

4-6 mm
Tenthredinidae Not Evaluated

Pear Slug Sawfly

Caliroa cerasi

A cosmopolitan sawfly whose slimy, slug-like larvae skeletonize leaves of cherry, pear, and plum. He...

4-6 mm (adult)
Halictidae

Pearly-banded Bee

Nomia melanderi

A ground-nesting bee with pearly white abdominal bands vital for alfalfa pollination. Large nesting ...

8-10 mm
Formicidae

Pennant Ant

Technomyrmex albipes

A small dark ant with conspicuous whitish legs that forms long trailing columns up trees. It is a wi...

2.5-3 mm
Pergidae

Pergid Leaf Miner

Phylacteophaga froggatti

A small sawfly whose larvae create blister-like mines in eucalyptus leaves. Adults are small and bro...

4-6 mm
Pergidae

Pergid Sawfly

Perga affinis

An Australian sawfly whose larvae form dense defensive clusters called spitfires on eucalyptus trees...

15-20 mm
Ichneumonidae Data Deficient

Peruvian Parasitoid Wasp

Capitojoppa amazonica

Described in 2023 as a new genus from the hyperdiverse Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve in Peru. ...

8-12 mm
Formicidae Not Evaluated

Pharaoh Ant

Monomorium pharaonis

A tiny tropical ant that has become a major indoor pest in heated buildings worldwide. Colonies repr...

1.5-2 mm
Pamphiliidae Not Evaluated

Pine False Webworm

Acantholyda erythrocephala

An invasive European sawfly that defoliates pines in North America. Unlike typical sawflies, larvae ...

10-15 mm (adult)
Pamphiliidae

Pine Webspinning Sawfly

Cephalcia arvensis

A flat-bodied sawfly with long antennae and dark coloring. Larvae live communally in silk webs spun ...

10-14 mm
Crabronidae

Pipe-organ Mud Wasp

Trypoxylon figulus

A slender black solitary wasp that builds mud-tube nests in hollow stems and holes, provisioning the...

8-12 mm
Megachilidae

Pitted Resin Bee

Anthidiellum strigatum

A small, stout bee with bold yellow and black markings that constructs free-standing resin nests on ...

6-9 mm
Colletidae

Plasterer Bee

Colletes hederae

A solitary bee discovered in 1993 that is a specialist pollinator of ivy flowers....

10-13 mm
Formicidae

Platter Ant

Cataulacus intrudens

An arboreal African ant with a heavily armored, flattened body and sculptured cuticle. Workers have ...

3-6 mm
Tenthredinidae

Plum Sawfly

Hoplocampa flava

A small, yellowish-brown sawfly that is a pest of plum orchards. Larvae bore into developing plum fr...

4-6 mm
Tenthredinidae

Polar Willow Gall Sawfly

Euura arcticum

A tiny sawfly that induces galls on Arctic willow stems by injecting chemicals during egg-laying. Th...

3-5 mm
Tenthredinidae

Poplar Sawfly

Trichiocampus viminalis

A small sawfly with a yellow-orange body and black head. Its brightly colored yellow-and-black larva...

7-10 mm
Vespidae

Potter Wasp

Delta unguiculatum

A solitary wasp that constructs small urn-shaped mud nests on walls and branches. Each pot is provis...

15-25 mm
Formicidae

Prionopelta Ant

Prionopelta amabilis

A tiny pale amblyoponine ant found in tropical forest soils across the Americas. Workers are essenti...

1.5-2.5 mm
Formicidae

Proceratium Ant

Proceratium silaceum

A small brownish ant with a distinctly rounded abdomen curving forward under its body. It is a speci...

2.5-3.5 mm
Pteromalidae Not Evaluated

Pteromalus Pupal Wasp

Pteromalus puparum

A small metallic-green parasitoid that attacks butterfly and moth pupae, particularly those of cabba...

2-3 mm
Halictidae

Punctate Sweat Bee

Lasioglossum punctatissimum

A tiny, dark furrow bee with dense punctation covering its thorax and head. It is one of the most co...

5-6 mm
Formicidae

Queenless Ponerine Ant

Diacamma rugosum

A large black ponerine ant found across South and Southeast Asia that lacks a morphological queen ca...

8-12 mm
Apidae

Red Dwarf Honey Bee

Apis florea

The smallest honey bee species, building single exposed combs hanging from tree branches. They are i...

7-10 mm
Formicidae

Red Harvester Ant

Pogonomyrmex barbatus

A large red ant that builds conspicuous mound nests cleared of vegetation in arid terrain. Workers c...

6-10 mm
Formicidae

Red Imported Fire Ant

Solenopsis invicta

An aggressive, reddish-brown ant with a painful burning sting. Originally from South America, it has...

2-6 mm
Megachilidae

Red Mason Bee

Osmia bicornis

A compact, ginger-haired solitary bee that nests in hollow stems and bee hotels. It is an exceptiona...

8-13 mm
Mutillidae

Red Velvet Ant

Dasymutilla magnifica

A large, brilliantly red-haired velvet ant found in the arid regions of the American Southwest. Fema...

12-20 mm
Ichneumonidae

Red-banded Netelia

Netelia testacea

A slender orange-brown ichneumonid wasp active at night in summer. It is an ectoparasitoid of noctui...

14-18 mm
Ichneumonidae

Red-legged Pimpla

Pimpla rufipes

A robust black ichneumon wasp with distinctive reddish-orange legs. It parasitizes a wide range of m...

10-15 mm
Apidae

Red-tailed Bumblebee

Bombus lapidarius

A jet-black bumblebee with a vivid orange-red tail that is unmistakable in flight. It commonly nests...

11-22 mm
Pompilidae

Red-winged Spider Wasp

Tachypompilus ferrugineus

A large rusty-red spider wasp that hunts wolf spiders and other large ground spiders. It drags paral...

18-28 mm
Diprionidae Not Evaluated

Redheaded Pine Sawfly

Neodiprion lecontei

The most widely distributed pine sawfly in eastern North America. Larvae can completely defoliate yo...

6-8 mm (adult)
Megachilidae

Resin Bee

Megachile campanulae

A solitary bee that collects plant resins and sap to construct its brood cells....

10-14 mm
Trichogrammatidae

Rice Stem Borer Egg Parasitoid

Trichogramma japonicum

A minute parasitoid wasp widely used in Asian rice paddies to control stem borer moths. It is mass-r...

0.3-0.5 mm
Cynipidae Not Evaluated

Robin's Pincushion Gall Wasp

Diplolepis rosae

A gall wasp that forms spectacular mossy red-green growths on wild roses. Each gall may contain up t...

2.5–4 mm
Stenotritidae

Robust Large-headed Bee

Stenotritus pubescens

A heavily built bee covered in dense pale pubescence found in southern Australia. It is one of the f...

14-18 mm
Formicidae

Rock Ant

Temnothorax rugatulus

A tiny dark ant that nests in rock crevices at high elevations in western North America. Colonies co...

2-3 mm
Argidae

Rose Sawfly

Arge ochropus

A yellow and black sawfly whose larvae skeletonize rose leaves. Adults are commonly found on rose bu...

7-10 mm
Tenthredinidae

Rose Slug Sawfly

Endelomyia aethiops

A small, dark sawfly whose slug-like larvae skeletonize rose leaves by feeding on the upper leaf sur...

4-5 mm
Cynipidae Not Evaluated

Rose-stem Gall Wasp

Diplolepis spinosa

A gall wasp that creates spiny galls on the stems of wild roses in North America. Each gall contains...

2–3.5 mm
Formicidae

Rough Harvester Ant

Pogonomyrmex rugosus

A dark-colored harvester ant with a rough, sculptured body found in the Chihuahuan and Sonoran deser...

6-9 mm
Formicidae

Rough Leafcutter Ant

Acromyrmex rugosus

A medium-sized leafcutter ant with a distinctly rugose (wrinkled) exoskeleton covered in short spine...

3-9 mm
Apidae Critically Endangered

Rusty Patched Bumble Bee

Bombus affinis

A once-common bumble bee named for the rust-colored patch on the second abdominal segment of workers...

13-20 mm
Ichneumonidae

Sabre Wasp

Rhyssa persuasoria

The largest European ichneumon wasp, recognized by its black-and-white banded body. It parasitizes t...

25-40 mm body length
Formicidae

Saharan Carpenter Ant

Camponotus aegyptiacus

A large black carpenter ant found in desert habitats from Egypt to Arabia. It nests in soil rather t...

8-14 mm
Formicidae

Saharan Silver Ant

Cataglyphis bombycina

The fastest ant in the world, sprinting across Saharan sand at midday when predators shelter from th...

5-10 mm
Crabronidae

Sand Wasp

Bembix rostrata

A robust wasp that digs burrows in sandy soil and provisions them with flies. It progressively feeds...

15-22 mm
Andrenidae

Sandpit Mining Bee

Andrena barbilabris

A pale, sandy-colored mining bee that specializes in nesting in loose sandy soils. It is commonly fo...

10-13 mm
Formicidae

Savanna Driver Ant

Dorylus gribodoi

A subterranean driver ant of African savannas that rarely surfaces, conducting most raids through un...

2-12 mm