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Butterflies & Moths

Order Lepidoptera

809 species

Known for their large, often colorful wings covered in tiny scales. Lepidoptera undergo complete metamorphosis through egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages.

Species in this Order

Nymphalidae Endangered

Puerto Rican Harlequin Butterfly

Atlantea tulita

A small endangered butterfly endemic to Puerto Rico with orange and black checkered wings. It inhabi...

35-45 mm wingspan
Riodinidae

Punched Metalmark

Adelotypa annulifera

Brown metalmark with distinctive pale-ringed dark spots giving a punched-hole appearance. Active in ...

25-32 mm wingspan
Hepialidae

Puriri Moth

Aenetus virescens

New Zealand's largest moth, with a wingspan up to 150 mm. The caterpillars bore into the trunks of n...

100-150 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Purple Emperor

Apatura iris

A majestic woodland butterfly whose males display an intense iridescent purple sheen visible only at...

62-80 mm wingspan
Lycaenidae

Purple Hairstreak

Favonius quercus

A small dark butterfly with a purple-blue sheen visible only at certain angles, living almost exclus...

31-40 mm wingspan
Notodontidae

Puss Moth

Cerura vinula

A furry white moth whose caterpillar has whip-like tail filaments and sprays formic acid....

58-80 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Queen Butterfly

Danaus gilippus

A close relative of the Monarch butterfly with similar orange coloring but darker. Found across the ...

67-78 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Queen of Spain Fritillary

Issoria lathonia

A powerful-flying fritillary with large, brilliant silver spots covering the underside of its hindwi...

38-50 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Question Mark Butterfly

Polygonia interrogationis

Orange butterfly with dark spots and irregular wing margins. A silvery question-mark shape on the un...

45-76 mm wingspan
Papilionidae Near Threatened

Rajah Brooke's Birdwing

Trogonoptera brookiana

A striking birdwing butterfly with jet black wings crossed by brilliant electric green tooth-shaped ...

Wingspan 150-170mm
Nymphalidae

Red Admiral

Vanessa atalanta

A bold black butterfly with red-orange bands and white spots, commonly seen in gardens. It is a stro...

56-62 mm wingspan
Papilionidae

Red Helen

Papilio helenus

A large, elegant swallowtail butterfly with black wings marked by large creamy-white patches on the ...

110-140 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Red Lacewing

Cethosia biblis

A large butterfly with brilliant red-orange wings boldly bordered in black and white. The underside ...

80-95 mm wingspan
Erebidae

Red Underwing

Catocala nupta

A large moth with bark-like grey forewings and vivid red and black banded hindwings flashed as a sta...

Wingspan 70-82mm
Lycaenidae

Red-banded Hairstreak

Calycopis cecrops

Small dark butterfly with a prominent red-orange postmedian band on the underside. Hindwings bear fa...

22-30 mm wingspan
Pieridae

Red-banded Jezebel

Delias mysis

A tropical butterfly with white upper wings and vivid red bands on the hindwing underside. It is fou...

6-7 cm wingspan
Sesiidae Not Evaluated

Red-belted Clearwing

Synanthedon myopaeformis

A clearwing moth with a distinctive red band around its abdomen. Larvae bore beneath the bark of app...

18–24 mm wingspan
Riodinidae

Red-bordered Metalmark

Caria ino

A dark metalmark butterfly with bright red-orange borders along the wing edges and metallic blue-gre...

28-35 mm wingspan
Cossidae Not Evaluated

Reed Leopard Moth

Phragmataecia castaneae

A cossid moth whose larvae bore into the stems of common reed and bulrush. It is widespread across E...

30–50 mm wingspan
Hesperiidae

Regent Skipper

Euschemon rafflesia

A large, strikingly colored skipper butterfly with black wings marked by bold yellow and blue patche...

5-6 cm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Rhetenor Blue Morpho

Morpho rhetenor

A strikingly vivid Morpho species known for its intensely saturated metallic blue coloring, consider...

120-140 mm wingspan
Geometridae

Riband Wave Moth

Idaea aversata

A small greyish moth occurring in both banded and plain forms. The banded form has a conspicuous dar...

26-33 mm wingspan
Crambidae

Rice Stem Borer

Scirpophaga incertulas

A small white moth whose larvae bore into rice stems, causing the devastating symptoms known as 'dea...

20-25 mm wingspan
Papilionidae Vulnerable

Richmond Birdwing

Ornithoptera richmondia

A large subtropical birdwing butterfly with green and black males and brown females. It is threatene...

11-13 cm wingspan
Crambidae

Ringed China-mark Moth

Parapoynx stratiotata

A pretty white moth with brown ringed markings, closely associated with aquatic habitats. Its caterp...

24-30 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Ringlet

Aphantopus hyperantus

A dark chocolate-brown butterfly with small ringed eyespots on the underwings. Flies in shady grassl...

Wingspan 42-48mm
Nymphalidae

Ross's Alpine

Erebia rossii

A dark brown butterfly with small reddish-orange eye spots on the forewings. Its cryptic coloration ...

34-42 mm wingspan
Erebidae

Rosy Footman Moth

Miltochrista miniata

A beautiful small moth with orange-pink forewings crossed by delicate yellow lines. It is one of the...

24-30 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Rosy Maple Moth

Dryocampa rubicunda

A small fluffy moth with striking pink and yellow coloring that resembles cotton candy. Adults emerg...

32-55 mm wingspan
Erebidae

Rosy Underwing

Catocala electa

A large moth with camouflaged grey-brown forewings hiding vivid rosy-pink and black hindwings. When ...

65-80 mm wingspan
Saturniidae Not Evaluated

Rothschild's Silkmoth

Rothschildia jacobaeae

A large silkmoth with reddish-brown wings featuring bold triangular translucent patches. Each wing a...

100-150 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Rothschildia Silk Moth

Rothschildia lebeau

A spectacular large moth with rich brown wings featuring prominent triangular translucent windows. T...

100-140 mm wingspan
Erebidae

Round-winged Muslin Moth

Thumatha senex

A tiny moth with rounded translucent whitish wings marked with faint grey spots. It is among the sma...

18-24 mm wingspan
Riodinidae

Rounded Metalmark

Calephelis perditalis

A small reddish-brown metalmark with distinctly rounded wing margins and two rows of metallic silver...

20-26 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Royal Walnut Moth

Citheronia sepulcralis

A rich brown moth with orange veins and small yellow spots. It is closely related to the regal moth ...

75-100 mm
Arctiidae

Ruby Tiger Moth

Phragmatobia fuliginosa

A small tiger moth with dark brownish-red forewings and rosy-red hindwings spotted with black. It is...

28-35 mm wingspan
Crambidae

Rush Veneer Moth

Nomophila noctuella

A migratory snout moth with warm brown forewings and pale hindwings. It is a strong flier that regul...

26-34 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Rustic Sphinx Moth

Manduca rustica

A striking hawk moth with dark brown forewings marked with white patches and a banded abdomen. It is...

90-140 mm
Hesperiidae

Sachem Skipper

Atalopedes campestris

A small tawny-orange skipper with a distinctive large dark patch on the male's forewing. Females are...

25-36 mm wingspan
Limacodidae

Saddleback Caterpillar Moth

Acharia stimulea

A dark brown moth best known for its extraordinary caterpillar, which is bright green with a brown s...

26-35 mm wingspan
Noctuidae

Sallow

Xanthia icteritia

A pretty golden-yellow moth found in autumn, associated with sallow trees. Adults can be attracted t...

30-36 mm wingspan
Notodontidae

Sallow Kitten

Furcula furcula

A small, fluffy white moth with delicate grey markings. Named for its resemblance to a small cat. La...

30-37 mm wingspan
Papilionidae Endangered

Samoan Swallowtail

Papilio godeffroyi

A rare and beautiful swallowtail butterfly endemic to Samoa. It has dark wings with pale markings an...

70-90 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Sara Longwing

Heliconius sara

A striking longwing butterfly with velvety black wings marked by brilliant blue iridescent bands. It...

55-70 mm wingspan
Pieridae

Sara Orangetip

Anthocharis sara

Small white butterfly with vivid orange forewing tips and mottled greenish hindwing undersides. Flie...

30-40 mm wingspan
Erebidae

Satin Moth

Leucoma salicis

A pure white moth with a satin-like sheen and strikingly chequered black-and-white legs. It can beco...

40-55 mm wingspan
Psychidae

Saunders' Case Moth

Metura saundersi

A smaller relative of the large case moth that constructs a tapering case of silk and plant debris. ...

Case up to 8 cm long; male moth 1.5-2 cm wingspan
Drepanidae

Scalloped Hook-tip

Falcaria lacertinaria

A small moth with strongly curved wingtips and scalloped wing margins that rests resembling a dead l...

30-38 mm wingspan
Geometridae

Scalloped Oak Moth

Crocallis elinguaria

A warm ochre-yellow moth with a distinctive dark brown band across the forewings. It rests with wing...

37-44 mm wingspan
Lycaenidae

Scarce Copper

Lycaena virgaureae

A brilliant fiery-orange butterfly with black-spotted forewings, the male being one of the most inte...

30-38 mm wingspan
Papilionidae

Scarce Swallowtail

Iphiclides podalirius

A pale yellow swallowtail butterfly with bold black tiger stripes and long tailed hindwings tipped w...

Wingspan 64-84mm
Geometridae

Scarce Umber Moth

Agriopis aurantiaria

An autumn-flying moth with warm orange-brown wings marked with darker speckles. Females are wingless...

35-40 mm wingspan (males)
Erebidae

Scarlet Tiger Moth

Callimorpha dominula

A striking day-flying moth with black forewings spotted with white and yellow, and brilliant scarlet...

45-55 mm wingspan
Papilionidae Endangered

Schaus Swallowtail

Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus

A dark swallowtail with yellow bands and rusty-brown hindwing patches restricted to hardwood hammock...

83-95 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Scotch Argus

Erebia aethiops

A dark brown butterfly with russet-orange bands containing eyespots, found in northern grasslands an...

40-48 mm wingspan
Riodinidae

Sertania Metalmark

Sertania circumdata

Small brown butterfly with orange patches and metallic scaling on the underside. Endemic to the Braz...

22-28 mm wingspan
Noctuidae

Setaceous Hebrew Character

Xestia c-nigrum

A grey-brown moth with a dark mark on the forewing resembling a Hebrew letter. It is a migratory spe...

38-45 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Shepherd's Fritillary

Boloria pales

A variable fritillary butterfly of high alpine pastures. Its wing pattern varies greatly between pop...

30-36 mm wingspan
Noctuidae

Shuttle-shaped Dart Moth

Agrotis puta

A small, pale greyish-brown moth with a shuttle-shaped claviform stigma. Males and females show diff...

30-38 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Siam Crown Moth

Attacus taprobanis

A large silk moth closely related to the Atlas moth with warm cinnamon-brown wings and distinctive a...

150-220 mm wingspan
Bombycidae

Silk Moth

Bombyx mori

The fully domesticated moth used in sericulture for over 5,000 years. Completely dependent on humans...

40-50 mm wingspan
Lycaenidae

Silky Hairstreak

Pseudalmenus chlorinda

A small dark butterfly with metallic blue-green sheen and orange-spotted hindwing tails. Its larvae ...

2.5-3.5 cm wingspan
Noctuidae

Silver Y

Autographa gamma

A migratory moth marked with a bright silvery Y or gamma symbol on each forewing. Billions migrate n...

35-45 mm wingspan
Geometridae

Silver-ground Carpet

Xanthorhoe montanata

A common and attractive geometer moth frequently disturbed from vegetation during daytime walks. Whi...

26-30 mm wingspan
Hepialidae

Silver-spotted Ghost Moth

Sthenopis argenteomaculatus

A large ghost moth from North America with silver-spotted wings. Caterpillars bore into the roots of...

60-75 mm wingspan
Hesperiidae

Silver-spotted Skipper

Hesperia comma

A small golden-brown butterfly with distinctive silvery spots on the green underside of its hindwing...

28-34 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Silver-striped Hawk Moth

Hippotion celerio

A medium-sized hawk moth with olive-brown forewings and bright pink hindwings, featuring silver stri...

60-80 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Silver-washed Fritillary

Argynnis paphia

A large, fast-flying butterfly with bright orange upperwings marked with black spots and streaks. Th...

54-70 mm wingspan
Lycaenidae

Silvery Blue

Glaucopsyche lygdamus

A small silvery-blue butterfly with a neat row of round black spots ringed in white on the grey unde...

22-30 mm wingspan
Lycaenidae Critically Endangered

Sinai Baton Blue

Pseudophilotes sinaicus

The smallest butterfly in the world by wingspan, found only in the Sinai Peninsula. It depends on a ...

1-1.5 cm wingspan
Zygaenidae

Six-spot Burnet

Zygaena filipendulae

A day-flying moth with metallic blue-black forewings bearing six crimson spots. Its bright colours w...

30-40 mm wingspan
Tineidae

Skin Moth

Monopis laevigella

A small dark brown moth with a pale spot on each forewing that breeds in bird nests and animal remai...

12-18 mm wingspan
Hesperiidae

Skipper Butterfly

Epargyreus clarus

A stout-bodied butterfly with hooked antennae, brown wings with golden spots on the forewing, and a ...

44-67 mm wingspan
Pieridae

Sleepy Orange

Eurema nicippe

Bright orange butterfly with irregular black borders and a small dark spot on the forewing. Named fo...

35-50 mm wingspan
Papilionidae

Small Apollo

Parnassius phoebus

A high-altitude alpine butterfly with translucent white wings bearing small red and black spots. It ...

50-60 mm wingspan
Lycaenidae

Small Copper

Lycaena phlaeas

A vivid little butterfly with burnished copper-orange forewings spotted with black. It is feisty and...

26-36 mm wingspan
Geometridae

Small Dusty Wave

Idaea seriata

A tiny pale moth with subtle wavy cross-lines. Commonly found inside buildings where larvae feed on ...

16-20 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Small Elephant Hawk Moth

Deilephila porcellus

A smaller relative of the elephant hawk moth, with delicate pink and yellow-olive coloring. It is fo...

40-52 mm
Geometridae

Small Emerald Moth

Hemistola chrysoprasaria

A small, delicate moth with uniformly pale green wings and fine white fringe. It is one of the daint...

28-33 mm wingspan
Geometridae

Small Fan-footed Wave

Idaea biselata

A small, delicate moth with pale buff wings and fine dark cross-lines. Common in deciduous woodland....

20-24 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Small Heath Butterfly

Coenonympha pamphilus

A small, plain orange-brown butterfly that always rests with its wings closed. It is one of the most...

26-33 mm wingspan
Crambidae

Small Magpie Moth

Anania hortulata

A pretty white moth with black spots and a yellow head. Despite its name, it is a crambid rather tha...

26-30 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary

Boloria selene

A small orange fritillary with silver and rufous pearl spots on the hindwing underside....

Wingspan 32-44mm
Nymphalidae

Small Postman

Heliconius erato

A neotropical butterfly with black wings and vivid red, yellow, or white bands depending on the geog...

55-80 mm wingspan
Noctuidae

Small Ranunculus

Hecatera dysodea

A subtly attractive moth with pale grey-green wings marked with intricate darker patterns. It was on...

30-36 mm wingspan
Geometridae

Small Rivulet

Perizoma alchemillata

A delicate small moth found in damp habitats where hemp agrimony grows. The larvae feed inside the f...

18-22 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Small Tortoiseshell

Aglais urticae

A familiar orange butterfly with black and yellow markings and a row of blue crescents along the win...

Wingspan 45-55mm
Sphingidae

Small-eyed Sphinx Moth

Paonias myops

A pinkish-brown sphinx moth whose hindwings bear a small blue eyespot ringed in black and yellow. It...

45-65 mm wingspan
Noctuidae

Smoky Wainscot

Mythimna impura

A dull brownish wainscot moth extremely common in grasslands. Larvae feed on various grass species. ...

28-34 mm wingspan
Psychidae

Snailcase Bagworm

Apterona helicoidella

A tiny bagworm moth whose larva builds a coiled, snail-shell-shaped case from silk and sand grains. ...

Case about 5-6 mm; male wingspan 10 mm
Pyralidae

Snout Moth

Vitessa suradeva

A large pyralid moth from Southeast Asia and New Guinea whose caterpillars spin webs on young leaves...

40-50 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Snowberry Clearwing

Hemaris diffinis

A bumblebee mimic with largely transparent wings bordered in dark brown, a fuzzy olive thorax, and b...

32-50 mm wingspan
Lycaenidae Not Evaluated

Socotra Island Blue Butterfly

Azanus socotranus

A small blue butterfly endemic to Socotra Island in the Indian Ocean. Males have bright blue upperwi...

20-25 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae Vulnerable

Socotran Emperor Butterfly

Charaxes balfouri

An endemic butterfly found only on the island of Socotra in the Indian Ocean. Part of the islands ex...

55-70 mm wingspan
Crambidae

Sod Webworm Moth

Crambus praefectellus

A small straw-colored moth that holds its wings tightly rolled around its body at rest, giving it a ...

18-22 mm wingspan
Lycaenidae

Sonoran Blue

Philotes sonorensis

Tiny blue butterfly with orange and black hindwing spots. One of the earliest-flying butterflies of ...

18-22 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Sonoran Silk Moth

Sphingicampa hubbardi

A small saturniid moth with warm pinkish-tan wings and minimal patterning. It is adapted to the hars...

50-70 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Sooty Ringlet

Erebia pluto

One of the darkest European butterflies, almost entirely black. It inhabits the highest scree slopes...

36-44 mm wingspan
Sesiidae Not Evaluated

South American Clearwing Moth

Carmenta theobromae

A small wasp-mimicking clearwing moth with transparent wings and a banded black-and-yellow abdomen. ...

18-25 mm wingspan
Saturniidae Not Evaluated

South American Luna Moth

Copaxa lavendera

A silkmoth with soft lavender-brown wings and prominent rounded eyespots. Its feathery antennae can ...

90-120 mm wingspan