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Butterflies & Moths

Order Lepidoptera

809 species

Known for their large, often colorful wings covered in tiny scales. Lepidoptera undergo complete metamorphosis through egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages.

Species in this Order

Papilionidae

South American Swallowtail

Heraclides thoas

A large swallowtail butterfly with black wings bearing bright yellow band patterns and prominent tai...

100-130 mm wingspan
Papilionidae

Southern Birdwing

Troides minos

India's largest butterfly, with a striking black and bright yellow color scheme. Males display velve...

140-190 mm wingspan
Pieridae

Southern Dogface

Zerene cesonia

Yellow butterfly with a pointed forewing showing a poodle-dog-face pattern in black. Males have a wa...

46-64 mm wingspan
Papilionidae Least Concern (protected in many countries)

Southern Festoon

Zerynthia polyxena

A strikingly patterned butterfly with yellow wings marked with black zigzags and red spots. It is on...

46-56 mm wingspan
Megalopygidae

Southern Flannel Moth

Megalopyge opercularis

A fluffy moth covered in cream to orange-brown fur-like scales. Its larva, called the puss caterpill...

25-36 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Southern Snout Butterfly

Libytheana carinenta

A medium-sized butterfly with an extremely elongated snout formed by its labial palps, giving it a u...

40-50 mm wingspan
Crambidae Not Evaluated

Southwestern Corn Borer

Diatraea grandiosella

A pale moth whose larvae bore into corn stalks and girdle stems from the inside, causing extensive l...

25-35 mm wingspan
Papilionidae

Spanish Festoon

Zerynthia rumina

A brightly patterned butterfly with zigzag black markings and red and yellow patches on its wings. I...

42-52 mm wingspan
Saturniidae Near Threatened

Spanish Moon Moth

Graellsia isabellae

A striking green moth with long hindwing tails found only in Spain and France....

60-90 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Speckled Emperor Moth

Gynanisa maja

A large earth-toned emperor moth with speckled brown and grey wings bearing clear eyespots. It is a ...

90-120 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Speckled Wood

Pararge aegeria

Brown butterfly with cream or orange spots and small eyespots on hindwings. Males defend sunlit patc...

40-45 mm wingspan
Geometridae

Speckled Yellow

Pseudopanthera macularia

A bright yellow day-flying moth with brown speckles across the wings. It flutters through woodland c...

26-30 mm wingspan
Papilionidae

Spicebush Swallowtail

Papilio troilus

A dark swallowtail butterfly with blue-green hindwing scaling and orange spots. Its caterpillar has ...

Wingspan 90-130mm
Limacodidae

Spiny Oak Slug Moth

Euclea delphinii

A small colorful moth with green, brown, and silver-spotted forewings. Its flattened, jewel-like cat...

22-30 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Spiny Oakworm Moth

Anisota stigma

A medium-sized saturniid with rich orange-brown wings bearing a small white discal spot. Males are d...

45-65 mm
Hepialidae

Splendid Ghost Moth

Aenetus ligniveren

A large, primitive moth with bright green and white patterned wings. Its larvae bore into tree trunk...

120-160 mm wingspan
Hesperiidae

Splendid Ochre

Trapezites petalia

A moderately large skipper butterfly with bright orange uppersides and mottled brown undersides. Mal...

3-4 cm wingspan
Crambidae

Spotted Grass Moth

Rivula propinqualis

A tiny yellowish moth with a distinctive dark spot on each forewing. It is extremely common in damp ...

15-20 mm wingspan
Pieridae

Spotted Jezebel

Delias aganippe

A boldly patterned butterfly with black-bordered white wings and red-spotted undersides. It is the m...

5-6 cm wingspan
Crambidae Not Evaluated

Spotted Stem Borer

Chilo partellus

A straw-colored moth whose larvae bore into stems of maize and sorghum in Africa and Asia. It can ca...

20-28 mm wingspan
Tortricidae

Spruce Budworm

Choristoneura fumiferana

A small mottled grey-brown moth that is the most destructive forest pest in North America. Outbreaks...

20-28 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Spurge Hawkmoth

Hyles euphorbiae

A striking hawkmoth with olive and pink forewings and rosy-red hindwings with a black base. Its cate...

60-80 mm wingspan
Noctuidae

Square-spot Rustic

Xestia xanthographa

An extremely common autumn-flying moth with a diagnostic square stigma on the forewing. One of the m...

32-38 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Striped Hawkmoth

Hyles livornica

A streamlined hawk-moth with olive-brown forewings crossed by pale veins and pink-banded hindwings. ...

Wingspan 60-80mm
Noctuidae

Subarctic Dart Moth

Agrotis gelida

A medium-sized moth with dark grayish-brown forewings marked with kidney and orbicular spots. It fli...

32-40 mm wingspan
Crambidae Not Evaluated

Sugarcane Borer

Diatraea saccharalis

A straw-colored moth whose larvae bore into sugarcane stalks, causing yield losses and allowing dise...

20-28 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Sulkowsky's Morpho

Morpho sulkowskyi

A high-altitude Morpho butterfly with translucent, pearly-white wings that display a subtle blue iri...

90-110 mm wingspan
Tortricidae

Summer Fruit Tortrix

Adoxophyes orana

A small yellowish-brown moth with darker V-shaped markings on the forewings. It is a significant fru...

18-22 mm wingspan
Lycaenidae

Sunbeam Butterfly

Curetis thetis

Dark upper wings contrast with brilliant silvery-white undersides. Fast-flying and sun-loving, often...

34-40 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Sunset Morpho

Morpho hecuba

The largest species in the morpho butterfly genus, with brownish-orange wings rather than the typica...

150-200 mm wingspan
Notodontidae

Swallow Prominent

Pheosia tremula

A pale grey-white moth with a distinctive dark wedge-shaped mark along the inner edge of each forewi...

Wingspan 44-60mm
Geometridae

Swallow-tailed Moth

Ourapteryx sambucaria

A large, pale lemon-yellow moth with pointed tail-like projections on its hindwings. Its graceful sh...

50-62 mm wingspan
Papilionidae

Swallowtail Butterfly

Papilio machaon

Elegant butterfly with yellow wings marked with black veins and blue-red eyespots on hindwings. The ...

65-86 mm wingspan
Riodinidae Near Threatened; extremely local

Swamp Metalmark

Calephelis mutica

A rare and localized metalmark butterfly of midwestern wetlands with warm rusty-brown wings marked w...

22-28 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Sweetbay Silk Moth

Callosamia securifera

A large silk moth similar to the promethea but associated with sweetbay magnolia in the southeastern...

80-105 mm
Erebidae

Sweetheart Underwing

Catocala amatrix

A large underwing moth with mottled gray-brown forewings and rosy-pink hindwings crossed by black ba...

75-95 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Swiss Brassy Ringlet

Erebia tyndarus

A dark butterfly with a greenish metallic sheen on its upperside. It is endemic to alpine meadows in...

30-36 mm wingspan
Noctuidae

Sycamore Moth

Acronicta aceris

A plain grey moth whose caterpillar is spectacular with white tufts and bright orange and yellow hai...

Wingspan 35-45mm
Papilionidae

Tailed Jay

Graphium agamemnon

A fast-flying black swallowtail butterfly covered with spots of green or blue-green. It rarely settl...

Wingspan 80-100mm
Tineidae

Tapestry Moth

Trichophaga tapetzella

A distinctive clothes moth with whitish forewings and a dark brownish-black base. It creates extensi...

14-22 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Tau Emperor Moth

Aglia tau

A day-flying silk moth with a distinctive T-shaped mark on each wing....

55-80 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Tawny Emperor

Asterocampa clyton

A warm tawny-brown butterfly with dark bars and a row of small eyespots on the hindwing. Unlike most...

40-65 mm wingspan
Hesperiidae

Tawny-edged Skipper

Polites themistocles

A small brown skipper with a warm orange-tawny leading edge on the forewing. It is one of the most c...

20-27 mm wingspan
Hyblaeidae

Teak Defoliator Moth

Hyblaea puera

A medium-sized moth with orange-brown forewings and bright orange hindwings bordered in black. Its c...

30-40 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Tenerife Speckled Wood Butterfly

Pararge xiphioides

A brown butterfly with orange eyespot patches endemic to the western Canary Islands. It flies in sha...

40-50 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Tersa Sphinx Moth

Xylophanes tersa

A sleek hawk moth with narrow, pointed forewings in lavender-gray with darker streaks. It is a fast ...

60-80 mm
Nymphalidae

Teucer Giant Owl

Caligo teucer

One of the largest owl butterflies with a prominent blue-purple sheen on the upper wings. Its unders...

140-180 mm wingspan
Erebidae Not Evaluated

Tiger Moth of the Amazon

Idalus herois

A striking moth with bold black and white striped forewings and orange hind wings with black spots. ...

50-65 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Tiridates Charaxes

Charaxes tiridates

A spectacular large forest butterfly with vivid blue and black upperside and ornate brown and white ...

80-100 mm wingspan
Pyralidae

Tobacco Moth

Ephestia elutella

A small greyish-brown moth that primarily infests stored tobacco but also attacks cocoa, cereals, an...

8-11 mm body; 14-20 mm wingspan
Gelechiidae Not Evaluated

Tomato Leafminer

Tuta absoluta

A devastating South American moth that mines through tomato leaves, stems, and fruits. Since 2006, i...

10-12 mm wingspan
Zygaenidae Near Threatened

Transparent Burnet

Zygaena purpuralis

A day-flying moth with semi-transparent red-streaked forewings. It is found in calcareous grasslands...

28-35 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Transparent Burnet Moth

Methona confusa

A delicate butterfly with almost entirely transparent wings bordered by dark brown and orange margin...

55-65 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae Not Evaluated

Trinidad Morpho Butterfly

Morpho achilles trinidadensis

A subspecies of morpho butterfly found in Trinidad with bright blue iridescent wings. It flies in fo...

95-110 mm wingspan
Pyralidae

Tropical Warehouse Moth

Ephestia cautella

A common pest of stored products in tropical and subtropical warehouses. Its larvae produce frass an...

8-12 mm body; 15-22 mm wingspan
Noctuidae

True Armyworm Moth

Mythimna unipuncta

A tawny-brown moth with a single white dot on each forewing. Its larvae march in armies across field...

35-45 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Tulip-tree Silk Moth

Callosamia angulifera

A large silk moth similar to the promethea but with more angular wing shapes and richer coloring. It...

80-110 mm
Noctuidae Not Evaluated

Turnip Moth

Agrotis segetum

A drab brown moth whose fat cutworm larvae sever the stems and roots of root vegetables and seedling...

35-45 mm wingspan
Saturniidae

Tussar Moth

Antheraea mylitta

A large Indian silk moth with deep golden-brown wings and prominent eyespots bordered in black. It i...

120-160 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Twin-spotted Sphinx Moth

Smerinthus jamaicensis

A medium-sized hawk moth with scalloped gray-brown forewings and blue and black eyespots on the hind...

55-80 mm
Papilionidae

Ulysses Butterfly

Papilio ulysses

A large swallowtail with electric blue uppersides and cryptic brown undersides. It is an iconic symb...

10-14 cm wingspan
Nymphalidae Endangered

Uncompahgre Fritillary Butterfly

Boloria acrocnema

A small alpine butterfly found only above 3900 m in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado. It was not d...

3-4 cm wingspan
Erebidae

Vampire Moth

Calyptra thalictri

A dull grey-brown moth with a uniquely evolved proboscis capable of piercing mammalian skin. Males o...

Wingspan 40-50mm
Erebidae

Vapourer Moth

Orgyia antiqua

A moth in which males are russet-brown day-fliers while females are completely wingless and never le...

25-35 mm wingspan (males only)
Noctuidae Not Evaluated

Variegated Cutworm

Peridroma saucia

A mottled brown moth whose plump soil-dwelling caterpillars cut through stems of seedlings at ground...

40-55 mm wingspan
Hepialidae

Vegetable Caterpillar

Ophiocordyceps robertsii

The host of this relationship is the caterpillar of the native moth Aenetus virescens, parasitized b...

50-100 mm (caterpillar plus fungal stalk)
Lasiocampidae Not Evaluated

Venezuelan Poodle Moth

Artace cribraria

A fuzzy white moth densely covered in hair-like scales giving it a woolly appearance. Its large blac...

25-35 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Verdant Hawk Moth

Tinostoma smaragditis

A vivid emerald-green hawk moth found in tropical Pacific islands....

55-70 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Verdant Sphinx Moth

Euchloron megaera

A large green and brown hawk moth that pollinates tropical flowers at dusk....

85-110 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Viceroy Butterfly

Limenitis archippus

Orange and black wings resembling the Monarch but with a black postmedian line across the hindwings....

53-81 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Vine Hawk Moth

Hippotion velox

A sleek olive-brown hawk moth with a distinctive pale dorsal stripe. It is widespread across Africa ...

55-70 mm
Lycaenidae Near Threatened

Violet Copper

Lycaena helle

A tiny butterfly whose males display a vivid violet-purple sheen over coppery-orange wings. It is on...

24-30 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Wall Brown

Lasiommata megera

An orange-brown butterfly with eyespots that basks with wings open on walls, rocks and bare ground....

Wingspan 36-50mm
Nymphalidae

Wallace's Longwing

Heliconius wallacei

A relatively rare Heliconius species with dark wings marked by a distinctive yellow band on the fore...

60-72 mm wingspan
Papilionidae Near Threatened

Wallaces Golden Birdwing

Ornithoptera croesus

Named after Alfred Russel Wallace, who called it the finest specimen he ever captured. Males are bri...

160-190 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Walnut Sphinx Moth

Amorpha juglandis

A beautifully cryptic hawk moth with scalloped wing edges and mottled brown, gray, and lavender patt...

50-75 mm
Crambidae

Water Veneer Moth

Acentria ephemerella

A unique aquatic moth whose larvae live entirely underwater in freshwater lakes. Females are often w...

10-14 mm wingspan (males)
Crambidae

Waterlily Borer Moth

Elophila gyralis

A small pale brown moth with wavy dark lines across its wings. Its larvae are aquatic, living underw...

18-24 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Waved Sphinx Moth

Ceratomia undulosa

A large gray hawk moth with wavy dark lines across the forewings, providing superb bark camouflage. ...

75-100 mm
Geometridae

Waved Umber

Menophra abruptaria

A brown geometrid moth with distinctive wavy cross-lines. A common urban moth often found on walls a...

Wingspan 32-38mm
Pyralidae

Wax Moth

Galleria mellonella

A moth whose larvae feed on beeswax in bee hives, causing major damage to comb. Also famous in scien...

30-40 mm wingspan
Tineidae

Webbing Clothes Moth

Tineola bisselliella

A small golden-buff moth whose larvae are the primary insect pest of woolen clothing and textiles. A...

6-8 mm body; 12-16 mm wingspan
Tortricidae Not Evaluated

Western Spruce Budworm

Choristoneura occidentalis

A major defoliator of Douglas-fir and true firs in western North America. Repeated defoliation leads...

22-28 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

White Admiral

Limenitis camilla

An elegant woodland butterfly with dark brown wings crossed by a broad white band, noted for its gra...

52-64 mm wingspan
Erebidae

White Ermine

Spilosoma lubricipeda

A pure white moth peppered with variable black dots, resembling ermine fur. The number of spots vari...

34-42 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

White Morpho

Morpho polyphemus

A large pearly white morpho butterfly with subtle iridescent sheen on its broad wings. It has a slow...

100-130 mm wingspan
Pterophoridae

White Plume Moth

Pterophorus pentadactyla

A delicate pure white moth with deeply divided wings that split into feather-like plumes. Often seen...

25-30 mm wingspan
Erebidae

White Underwing

Catocala relicta

A striking underwing moth with white and black banded forewings that mimics birch bark. Its hindwing...

70-85 mm wingspan
Erebidae

White Witch Moth

Thysania agrippina

Holds the record for the widest wingspan of any moth or butterfly at up to 310 mm. A nocturnal neotr...

250-310 mm wingspan
Hesperiidae

White-banded Grass Dart

Taractrocera papyria

A small orange-brown skipper butterfly with a distinctive white band across its hindwings. It is com...

2-3 cm wingspan
Lycaenidae Near Threatened

White-letter Hairstreak

Satyrium w-album

A small dark butterfly with a distinctive W-shaped white line on the hindwing underside. Breeds on e...

Wingspan 26-30mm
Sphingidae

White-Lined Sphinx Moth

Hyles lineata

A common sphinx moth with bold white stripes on its forewings and a pink-banded hindwing. It hovers ...

65-90 mm wingspan
Oecophoridae

White-shouldered House Moth

Endrosis sarcitrella

A small greyish moth with a conspicuous white head and thorax that is common in buildings year-round...

15-21 mm wingspan
Geometridae

Willow Beauty

Peribatodes rhomboidaria

A well-camouflaged moth with grey-brown wings marked with dark cross-lines that blends perfectly wit...

38-48 mm wingspan
Sphingidae

Willowherb Hawk Moth

Proserpinus proserpina

A compact hawk moth with olive-green forewings and bright orange hindwings with a dark border. It fl...

36-46 mm
Geometridae Not Evaluated

Winter Moth

Operophtera brumata

A cold-hardy moth whose tiny green inchworm caterpillars defoliate fruit and shade trees in early sp...

25-30 mm wingspan (males)
Cossidae

Witchetty Grub

Endoxyla leucomochla

The larva of a cossid moth and the most important insect food of Australian Aboriginal desert people...

50-70 mm
Pieridae

Wood White

Leptidea sinapis

A delicate, fluttery butterfly with rounded white wings and a small grey wingtip patch. It has a wea...

36-48 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae Near Threatened

Woodland Brown

Lopinga achine

A large brown butterfly with prominent yellow-ringed eyespots along the margins of both wings. It is...

48-56 mm wingspan
Nymphalidae

Xypete Euphaedra

Euphaedra xypete

A West African forest butterfly with striking green forewings and orange hindwings. The underside is...

50-65 mm wingspan