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Flies

Order Diptera

368 species

Characterized by having only two wings, with the hindwings reduced to halteres used for balance. Diptera includes mosquitoes, gnats, midges, and true flies.

Species in this Order

Bombyliidae

Dotted Bee Fly

Bombylius discolor

A spring-flying bee fly distinguished from its commoner relative by spotted wings and a darker fur c...

10-14 mm
Rhagionidae

Downlooker Fly

Rhagio tringarius

A slender predatory fly with spotted wings that perches head-downward on vegetation waiting for prey...

8-12mm
Syrphidae

Drone Fly

Eristalis tenax

A large hoverfly that is an excellent mimic of the honey bee, complete with similar coloring and buz...

14-18 mm
Syrphidae

Eastern Calligrapher

Toxomerus geminatus

A tiny hoverfly with intricate black calligraphic markings on a yellow abdomen. It is one of the mos...

5-7 mm
Blephariceridae

Eastern Net-Winged Midge

Blepharicera tenuipes

A net-winged midge whose larvae cling to rocks in the fastest torrents using ventral suction discs. ...

6-10 mm
Culicidae

Eastern Tree Hole Mosquito

Aedes triseriatus

A forest mosquito that breeds in water-filled tree holes and discarded tires. It is the primary vect...

4-6 mm
Culicidae

Elephant Mosquito

Toxorhynchites rutilus

A large, iridescent blue-green mosquito whose adults do not bite. Larvae are predators of other mosq...

8-12 mm
Oestridae

Elephant Stomach Bot Fly

Cobboldia elephantis

A rare bot fly whose larvae develop in the stomachs of Asian elephants. Females lay eggs around the ...

14-18 mm
Syrphidae

Eupeodes Hoverfly

Eupeodes corollae

A common small hoverfly with variable yellow comma-shaped markings on the abdomen. It is a migratory...

8-12 mm
Tephritidae

European Cherry Fruit Fly

Rhagoletis cerasi

A small black fly with distinctive wing banding that infests sweet and sour cherries. Larvae feed in...

4-5 mm
Culicidae

European Malaria Mosquito

Anopheles atroparvus

A medium-sized Anopheles mosquito that was the principal malaria vector in northern Europe before th...

4-6 mm
Conopidae

European Thick-headed Fly

Myopa buccata

A small reddish-brown conopid fly with a distinctively swollen face and downward-curving proboscis. ...

6-10 mm
Chloropidae

Eye Gnat

Liohippelates pusio

A tiny, shiny black fly attracted to eye and wound secretions of humans and animals. It is a suspect...

1.5-2.5 mm
Muscidae

Face Fly

Musca autumnalis

A non-biting muscid fly that feeds on secretions around the eyes and nose of cattle. It is a mechani...

7-8 mm
Muscidae

False Stable Fly

Muscina stabulans

A robust fly resembling a large house fly with reddish-yellow patches at the wing base. Larvae can b...

7-10 mm
Ceratopogonidae

Farmyard Midge

Culicoides nubeculosus

A tiny biting midge that breeds in mud contaminated by dung or sewage. Adults suck blood from horses...

2 mm
Bibionidae

Fever Fly

Dilophus febrilis

A small, shiny black march fly with spiny front tibiae used for digging. It was once believed to cau...

5-7 mm
Platypezidae

Flat-footed Fly

Lindneromyia dorsalis

A tiny fly that runs in circles on leaf surfaces during its courtship display....

3-5 mm
Phoridae

Flat-footed Scuttle Fly

Metopina oligoneura

A minute brown phorid fly with broad flattened tarsi and reduced wing venation. It is associated wit...

1-2 mm
Syrphidae

Fleck-winged Hoverfly

Dasysyrphus albostriatus

A woodland hoverfly with white crescent markings on a dark abdomen. It is one of the earliest hoverf...

9-12 mm
Sarcophagidae

Flesh Fly

Sarcophaga carnaria

A large gray fly with three black longitudinal stripes on the thorax and a checkered abdomen. Unlike...

10-18 mm
Sarcophagidae

Fleshfly (Dux)

Sarcophaga dux

A large gray flesh fly common across tropical Asia and the Pacific that is an important cause of wou...

10-16 mm
Chloropidae

Frit Fly

Oscinella frit

A tiny fly that is a major pest of oat crops and ryegrass. Larvae bore into plant stems causing 'dea...

1.5-2 mm
Drosophilidae

Fruit Fly

Drosophila melanogaster

The most studied organism in genetics. Six Nobel Prizes have been awarded for research on this tiny ...

2-4 mm
Glossinidae

Fusca Tsetse Fly

Glossina fusca

A large, dark-colored tsetse fly that inhabits dense forest environments. It feeds primarily on wild...

10-15 mm
Glossinidae

Fuscipes Tsetse Fly

Glossina fuscipes

A small riverine tsetse fly that is the major vector of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in Central and ...

7-10 mm
Culicidae

Gallinipper Mosquito

Psorophora ciliata

One of the largest mosquitoes in North America, with shaggy legs covered in dark and pale scales. It...

7-12 mm
Tipulidae

Giant Crane Fly

Tipula maxima

The largest European crane fly, with marbled wings spanning up to 65 mm. Larvae develop in wet leaf ...

30-40 mm body length, wingspan up to 65 mm
Pediciidae

Giant Eastern Crane Fly

Pedicia albivitta

A large crane fly with long delicate legs and white-banded wing markings found near forest streams. ...

20-30 mm body length
Blephariceridae

Giant Net-Winged Midge

Bibiocephala grandis

The largest net-winged midge in North America, found in powerful western mountain torrents. Larvae h...

10-15 mm
Asilidae

Giant Robber Fly

Promachus fitchii

A large, bristly predatory fly with powerful grasping legs and a sharp proboscis. It ambushes prey i...

20-35 mm
Tachinidae

Giant Tachinid Fly

Tachina grossa

The largest tachinid fly in Europe, covered in dense black bristles. It parasitizes large moth cater...

12-18 mm
Tipulidae

Giant Western Crane Fly

Holorusia hespera

North America's largest crane fly with a wingspan approaching 80 mm. It inhabits mossy stream banks ...

35-45 mm body length
Syrphidae

Giant Wood Hoverfly

Temnostoma vespiforme

A large, wasp-mimicking hoverfly with yellow and black banding and a slender waist. Its larvae devel...

14-18 mm
Simuliidae

Glacier Black Fly

Prosimulium alpestre

A small black fly whose larvae develop in fast-flowing alpine streams. Adults are among the earliest...

2-4 mm body length
Chironomidae Data Deficient

Glacier Midge

Diamesa steinboecki

A remarkable midge that completes its entire life cycle in glacial streams at temperatures near 0C. ...

3-5 mm
Tachinidae

Globular Tachinid

Gymnosoma rotundatum

A distinctive round-bodied parasitic fly colored bright orange-red with black markings. Parasitizes ...

6-8 mm
Glossinidae

Glossina Austeni Tsetse Fly

Glossina austeni

A small, dark-colored tsetse fly found in coastal forests and thickets of East Africa. It is a vecto...

7-10 mm
Scathophagidae

Golden Dung Fly

Scathophaga stercoraria

A common furry yellow fly that gathers on fresh cow dung to mate and hunt....

7-10 mm
Tachinidae

Golden Tachinid Fly

Archytas marmoratus

A large bristly parasitic fly with golden-brown hairs found across the Americas. It parasitizes army...

10-14 mm
Rhagionidae

Golden-backed Snipe Fly

Chrysopilus thoracicus

A striking fly with golden thoracic hairs and dark wings that rests head-down on foliage. Larvae are...

8-12 mm
Tachinidae

Golden-belted Tachinid

Ectophasia crassipennis

A colorful parasitic fly with golden-yellow markings and dark wing patches. Parasitizes shieldbugs a...

6-10 mm
Asilidae

Golden-tabbed Robber Fly

Choerades marginatus

A large bristly brown robber fly with golden hair tufts that ambushes prey from sunny perches on log...

15-22mm
Syrphidae

Golden-tailed Hoverfly

Chrysotoxum cautum

A wasp-mimicking hoverfly with bold yellow and black bands and long antennae. It flies with a distin...

10-14 mm
Simuliidae

Golubatz Fly

Simulium colombaschense

A historically devastating European black fly named after the Serbian town of Golubac. Larvae develo...

3-5 mm
Syrphidae

Great Pied Hoverfly

Volucella bombylans

A furry hoverfly that exists in multiple colour forms, each mimicking a different bumblebee species....

12-16 mm
Bombyliidae

Greater Bee Fly

Bombylius canescens

A pale greyish bee fly with a long proboscis and clear wings. It parasitizes ground-nesting bees in ...

10-14 mm
Calliphoridae

Green Bottle Fly

Lucilia sericata

A brilliant metallic green fly with large red compound eyes. Medically, its sterile larvae are used ...

10-14 mm
Chironomidae

Green Chironomid

Tanytarsus pallidicornis

A small greenish midge common in clean flowing water habitats. Larvae build portable silk tubes atta...

3-5 mm
Tabanidae

Greenhead Horse Fly

Tabanus nigrovittatus

A coastal salt marsh horse fly with bright green eyes. It is the most abundant biting fly along the ...

12-15 mm
Tachinidae

Gypsy Moth Tachinid

Compsilura concinnata

A parasitic fly introduced to North America from Europe to control gypsy moths. It has an extremely ...

7-10 mm
Calliphoridae

Hairy Maggot Blow Fly

Chrysomya rufifacies

A blow fly whose larvae have distinctive fleshy projections giving them a hairy appearance. Its pred...

9-12 mm
Asilidae

Hanging Thief Robber Fly

Diogmites platypterus

A slender, elongate robber fly that hangs from vegetation by its front legs while feeding. It has lo...

15-22 mm
Drosophilidae Endangered

Hawaiian Picture-wing Fly (Grimshawi)

Drosophila grimshawi

One of the iconic Hawaiian picture-wing Drosophila, distinguished by elaborate dark patterning on it...

4-6 mm
Drosophilidae Endangered

Hawaiian Picture-wing Fly (Heteroneura)

Drosophila heteroneura

A remarkable Hawaiian picture-wing fly famous for its hammer-shaped head, found only on Hawaii Islan...

5-7 mm
Drosophilidae Endangered

Hawaiian Picture-wing Fly (Silvestris)

Drosophila silvestris

A Hawaiian picture-wing fly closely related to D. heteroneura but with a normally shaped head. It is...

4-6 mm
Bombyliidae

Heath Bee Fly

Bombylius minor

A small, late-summer bee fly with greyish fur and clear wings. Its larvae parasitize solitary wasps ...

7-10 mm
Syrphidae

Heineken Hoverfly

Rhingia campestris

An unmistakable hoverfly with a long, beak-like snout used to reach nectar in tubular flowers. It ha...

9-12 mm
Cecidomyiidae

Hessian Fly

Mayetiola destructor

A tiny dark gall midge that is one of the most destructive pests of wheat and barley worldwide. Adul...

2-4 mm
Syrphidae

High-altitude Hover Fly

Platycheirus alpinus

A small hover fly with flattened front legs, found in alpine and arctic habitats. It is an important...

6-9 mm body length
Chironomidae

High-altitude Midge

Diamesa latitarsis

A small, dark midge whose larvae inhabit the coldest alpine streams. It has unusually broad tarsi ad...

2-4 mm body length
Muscidae

Horn Fly

Haematobia irritans

A small blood-feeding fly that spends almost its entire life on cattle. It clusters at the base of h...

3-5 mm
Sciomyzidae

Horn-faced Marsh Fly

Dictya umbrarum

A small yellowish marsh fly with patterned wings and prominent facial ridges. Larvae feed on decompo...

4-7 mm
Syrphidae

Hornet Hoverfly

Volucella zonaria

Europe's largest hoverfly and a convincing hornet mimic with bold yellow-and-brown banding. Its larv...

18-22 mm
Asilidae Near Threatened (declining in northern Europe)

Hornet Robber Fly

Asilus crabroniformis

Europe's largest robber fly, a hornet mimic with a yellow-and-brown body that hunts dung beetles on ...

18-28 mm
Tabanidae

Horse Fly

Tabanus bovinus

A large, stout fly with huge iridescent compound eyes that display rainbow patterns. Only females bi...

20-25 mm
Oestridae

Horse Stomach Bot Fly

Gasterophilus intestinalis

A bee-like fly that glues eggs to horse leg hairs where they are ingested during grooming. Larvae at...

12-16 mm
Syrphidae

Hover Fly

Syrphus ribesii

A bright yellow and black banded hoverfly that is an excellent wasp mimic. It hovers motionless in s...

10-13 mm
Syrphidae

Hoverfly

Episyrphus balteatus

Excellent Batesian mimics of wasps and bees. Important pollinators often overlooked. Can hover perfe...

7-12 mm
Phoridae

Hump-backed Fly

Megaselia scalaris

A tiny scuttle fly with a distinctly humped thorax that breeds in an extraordinary range of organic ...

2-3 mm
Psychodidae

Indian Sand Fly

Phlebotomus argentipes

A tiny, hairy fly with a distinctive humpbacked appearance and large, upturned wings held erect at r...

2-3 mm
Hippoboscidae

Indian Tse Tse-like Fly

Hippobosca maculata

A flattened, leathery ectoparasitic fly that feeds on the blood of horses, cattle, and dogs. It has ...

7-9 mm
Culicidae

Inland Floodwater Mosquito

Aedes vexans

One of the most widespread and abundant mosquitoes globally, with a brownish body and narrow white b...

4-7 mm
Psychodidae

Intermedia Sandfly

Lutzomyia intermedia

A tiny sandfly found in southeastern Brazil that is a major vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Atl...

2-3 mm
Tachinidae

Japanese Beetle Tachinid

Istocheta aldrichi

A parasitic fly introduced from Japan to North America specifically for Japanese beetle control. Fem...

5-7 mm
Culicidae

Japanese Encephalitis Mosquito

Culex tritaeniorhynchus

A medium-sized brownish mosquito with a pale band on the proboscis that is the primary vector of Jap...

4-5 mm
Asilidae

Japanese Robber Fly

Cophinopoda chinensis

A large East Asian robber fly with powerful raptorial legs. It preys on cicadas and large beetles in...

20-30 mm
Stratiomyidae

Japanese Soldier Fly

Ptecticus tenebrifer

A slender soldier fly with a metallic greenish-black body and elongate antennae. It is commonly foun...

10-14 mm
Asilidae

Kite-tailed Robber Fly

Tolmerus atricapillus

A common grey robber fly with a slightly club-shaped abdomen. It is widespread across Europe, freque...

10-16 mm
Culicidae

Korean Malaria Mosquito

Anopheles sinensis

A medium-sized mosquito with spotted wings that breeds in rice paddies across East Asia. It is a vec...

4-5 mm
Fanniidae

Latrine Fly

Fannia scalaris

A small fly that breeds in excrement and decaying organic matter in latrines and drains. It can caus...

5-7 mm
Oestridae

Lesser Cattle Grub

Hypoderma lineatum

A hairy, bee-like fly slightly smaller than H. bovis, whose larvae also parasitize cattle. Unlike H....

11-13 mm
Fanniidae

Lesser House Fly

Fannia canicularis

A small greyish fly often seen flying in circles beneath ceiling lights indoors. It breeds in decayi...

5-7 mm
Syrphidae

Leucozona Hoverfly

Leucozona leucorum

A distinctive hoverfly with a white-banded abdomen found visiting flowers in damp woodland clearings...

10-12 mm
Chironomidae

Log Miner Midge

Stenochironomus hilaris

A wood-mining chironomid whose larvae bore into submerged decaying logs in streams. Larvae create vi...

5-8 mm
Syrphidae

Long Hoverfly

Sphaerophoria scripta

A small, elongated hoverfly with a slender yellow-and-black striped abdomen. Males have an abdomen l...

8-12 mm
Dolichopodidae

Long-legged Fly

Dolichopus ungulatus

A small, slender fly with a brilliant metallic green body and long, thin legs. Males have modified l...

5-7 mm
Pediciidae

Long-Palped Crane Fly

Dicranota bimaculata

A short-bodied crane fly whose predatory larvae inhabit gravel beds of clean streams. Larvae are act...

8-12 mm
Bibionidae

Long-snouted March Fly

Bibio lanigerus

A robust, hairy black march fly with a woolly thorax and relatively large body for the family. Adult...

8-11 mm
Empididae

Long-tailed Dance Fly

Rhamphomyia longicauda

A small dark fly where females inflate their legs with air to appear larger during mating swarms. Ma...

5-8mm
Mycetophilidae

Long-winged Fungus Gnat

Macrocera stigma

A delicate fungus gnat with unusually long antennae and slender patterned wings. It is often found i...

5-8 mm
Psychodidae

Longipalpis Sandfly

Lutzomyia longipalpis

A small, pale-brown sandfly that is the most important vector of visceral leishmaniasis in the Ameri...

2-3 mm
Hippoboscidae

Louse Fly

Hippobosca equina

A flattened bloodsucking fly parasite of horses and cattle with powerful clawed legs for clinging to...

7-8 mm
Bibionidae

Lovebug

Plecia nearctica

A small black march fly famous for flying in mated pairs connected end to end for days. Massive swar...

6-9 mm
Psychodidae

Lutzomyia Sand Fly (Whitmani)

Lutzomyia whitmani

A small sandfly that is the major vector of Leishmania braziliensis, which causes mucocutaneous leis...

2-3 mm
Culicidae

Maculipennis Complex Mosquito

Anopheles maculipennis

A medium-sized mosquito that is the type species of a complex of at least eight sibling species acro...

4-6 mm
Tephritidae

Mango Fruit Fly

Ceratitis cosyra

A small, colorful fly with patterned wings that is one of the most destructive pests of mangoes in E...

5-7 mm
Bibionidae

March Fly

Bibio marci

A common black fly that swarms in large numbers around Saint Marks Day in April....

10-13 mm
Dolichopodidae

Maritime Long-legged Fly

Aphrosylus praedator

A specialized marine intertidal fly that hunts on wave-splashed rocks and barnacles. It has a metall...

3-5 mm
Syrphidae

Marmalade Hoverfly

Episyrphus balteatus balteatus

A common hoverfly with distinctive double black bands on an orange abdomen. One of the most effectiv...

8-12mm